Nous avons la très grande tristesse de vous faire part du décès, à l’âge de 55 ans, d’Hélène BIERNE, Directrice de recherche à l’INRAE, ancienne membre de l’Unité Interactions Bactéries-cellules du Département Biologie Cellulaire et Infection de l’Institut Pasteur.
Ingénieure agronome (1990), Hélène BIERNE a réalisé sa thèse de doctorat (1993) au sein de l’Unité Génétique Microbienne du Centre INRAE de Jouy-en-Josas, puis a rejoint en 1997 l’Unité dirigée par Pascale COSSART à l’Institut Pasteur où elle a mené des travaux de portée internationale sur la bactérie pathogène Listeria monocytogenes. En 2014, Hélène est retournée au centre de Jouy-en-Josas, pour y créer sa propre équipe Epigénétique et Microbiologie cellulaire (EPIMIC) au sein de l’Unité MICALIS. Elle a été nommée Chargée de recherche INRA en 1994, puis Directrice de recherche en 2006.
A l’Institut Pasteur, Hélène s’est d’abord intéressée à plusieurs problématiques : elle a identifié les enzymes « Sortases » qui permettent l’ancrage de protéines au peptidoglycane et leur localisation à la surface des bactéries ; elle a ainsi pu montrer le rôle clé de cet ancrage pour la protéine d’invasion internaline. Elle a participé à démontrer la spécificité de l’entrée de Listeria dans certaines cellules lorsque le récepteur Met est impliqué. Puis elle a identifié des molécules participant aux réarrangements du cytosquelette d’actine et nécessaires à l’entrée de Listeriadans les cellules. Après la soutenance de son Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches en 2003, elle a focalisé ses recherches sur les protéines secrétées par Listeria ce qui l’a menée à sa plus grande découverte : l’identification chez Listeriade la protéine LntA et de son interaction, dans le noyau des cellules infectées, avec la protéine eucaryote BAHD1 impliquée dans la formation de l’hétérochromatine. Enfin, Hélène a montré que dans certaines circonstances Listeria peut persister assez longtemps dans les cellules contrairement à ce qui avait été admis jusque-là.
A Jouy-en-Josas, en continuant à prendre pour modèle la bactérie Listeria, l’équipe EPIMIC dirigée par Hélène s’intéresse aux effets à long terme des bactéries pathogènes. Elle étudie notamment les bases moléculaires des infections persistantes, ainsi que les conséquences épigénétiques de ces infections sur les cellules hôtes. Cette recherche vise à trouver de nouveaux traitements contre les infections chroniques, ainsi que des outils ciblant les empreintes bactériennes qui pourraient contribuer à la genèse de maladies complexes, telles que le cancer ou les maladies auto-immunes et métaboliques.
Ainsi, Hélène a contribué à des avancées significatives et importantes en microbiologie cellulaire et en épigénétique. Elle est auteure ou co-auteure de nombreuses publications dans des revues scientifiques internationales de très haut niveau.
Hélène était une chercheuse passionnée par la science, claire dans le choix de ses projets de recherche, rigoureuse, enthousiaste, pédagogue, et attentive à ses collaborateurs. Hélène était extrêmement brillante et n’hésitait pas à mettre ses connaissances au service des autres. Elle a formé plusieurs docteurs-es-sciences.
Enfin Hélène aimait la vie, les voyages et les fêtes. Elle n’avait aucun scrupule à discuter des plaisirs de la table ou de la boisson de son pays d’origine, la Champagne. Nous garderons d’Hélène le souvenir d’une personnalité unique et d’une scientifique de très haut niveau.
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